Re: Just got my UK Light Cannon today! (freggin\' bright!!)
Hi Ted, you are on the right lines with your statement! The D2S/D2R automotive types have a 4.2mm arc gap and are not technically short arc lamps as you correctly point out. But if you are interested in the technical definition, rather than just specifying 3mm as the cutoff point, the usual way is to take the lamp watts into account. So a smaller lamp needs a smaller arc gap to still be called short arc.
The standard definition is that the lamp must be loaded at greater than 100 watts per centimetre of arc length to be classified as short arc. So the 35W lamps are only true short arc types if the arc gap is less than 3.5mm. Similarly, a 5000W Xenon lamp used for cinema movie projection has a longish 6.5mm arc gap but it is still called short arc because in this case it is loaded at some 7500 watts per centimetre.
The 35W and 10W metal halide lamps used in flashlights might initially seem like short arc types, but do not forget that almost every LCD video projector makes use of a 100W pure mercury lamp having a tiny 1.0mm arc gap, and the short arc term is usually reserved for those types!
The term is of course rather loosely used though. In general I think for high power lamps this rule is applicable but the industry does tend to refer to anything below 35W as being short arc, regardless of its actual length!
Regarding a definition of HID, all metal halide and xenon arc lamps can be classified as such. HID lamps have a high pressure discharge operating above 10 watts per centimetre of arc length. The only discharge lamps not termed HID are things like fluorescent tubes, low pressure sodium, neon signs etc. where they make use of very long, low intensity tubes.
Best regards!
James