I did a lot of reading on the Nikon Picture Control trying to find out what the camera is actually doing. The picture control settings are user set while in A, S, P, or M modes. I have not been able to find what picture control setting are changed while in the various scene mode settings ( on the dial ) for example landscape states it will increase the contrast and increase the color saturation. My assumption is that it will change the various picture control settings. This only affects the jpg image.
I had hoped to find a chart that showed what the settings would be in each of the scene modes.
I also found out the camera would do in camera HDR - this takes 2 pictures and then combines them.
It almost seems like the camera will do what I want by just using the different modes available
So - after all this - time to get out the tripod and do a bunch of test pictures.....
Yup. That's why I recommend just staying in either A, S, P, or M. The scene modes on the dial of a cam like the D5200 are more "full auto" it's often really obscure how the settings are actually chosen. With ASPM you can relenquish some control, but still get exactly what you want. The picture control settings in the menu let you tweak how the jpgs will be processed and saved in camera. You can actually custom adjust those settings if you want. If you are going to shoot a lot of just jpg I definitely recommend testing this out so you can see what you get. For sure, I still have to do this every once in a while with a setting--- sometimes you literally can only really get a feel for what something does by testing it out. Good thing digital is free once you have the gear (I say that a bit sarcastically since photo gear is a bottomless pit that eats money)
I had to refresh myself on the zone system a bit (this video and this guy's art of photography series is amazing:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x_k2iAgZfGs) I did a bit of B+W film photo in art school a few years ago, but only shoot digital now.
For how I shoot I basically always shoot for the deepest shadow detail. Raw files have amazing depth for processing and recovering info which is why they are like unprocessed film negatives. Jpgs are more like final prints so you can't really go back and tweak nearly as much. A camera like the D800 has amazing shadow detail and you can cleanly recover several stops of shadow info from a raw file. It's good but not as good with recovering highlights so I almost never let an image overexpose to complete white if possible. After the fact you can easily adjust the image in the basic "pre-post-processing" to get the shadows and highlights where you want them. I guess this is what the zone system has become if you want to equate it to film photography. That's obviously not possible always depending on subject like when shooting people, but if you are shooting your own art work you can take your time much more.
How I look at it is always shoot to retain as much tonal range as possible with digital raw. You can process later in the "zone system", but if you under/over expose you can't process exactly how you want later. For this reason I end up shooting a little under what a "correct exposure" is according to the in camera meter with no EV compensation engaged.
I have utter respect for people who are truly into still shooting film and are very particular about developing film and prints. It's very involved and it definitely is an "art" in itself even before the actual subject matter of the images in the film/prints. I love digital though these days because the quality potential is there and immediate if you know what you are doing and certain steps are taken out of the equation. Also no dangerous chemicals at all if you never do any printing yourself with digital lol.